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Gray Bender

@graybender

Climate and Energy Transition at S&P Global. Prior research affiliate with the Harvard Belfer Center’s Geopolitics of Energy and Harvard Kennedy School alum. All opinions my own.

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Latest posts by Gray Bender @graybender

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China Flexes Critical Mineral Dominance as US Tariffs Reshape Global Energy Plus, what an end to Russian sanctions could mean for the industry, how targeting US state policies could slow the clean energy transition, and the rising role of the Arctic frontier

5 stories in today’s Global Energy Lens:

🔹US tariffs shake energy markets
🔹China restricts critical mineral exports
🔹Executive order targets state energy laws
🔹Could Russian oil reenter global trade?
🔹Geopolitics heat up in an ice-free Arctic

open.substack.com/pub/climatea...

16.04.2025 14:45 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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Energy Infrastructure Takes a Front Seat in Ukraine-Russia Ceasefire Plus Israel expands its natural gas resources as a strategic asset, the US launches a renewed military campaign against the Houthis, and key takeaways from the 2025 CERAWeek Energy Conference.

New issue of the Global Energy Lens!

🔹Russia and Ukraine’s first ceasefire focused on energy infrastructure
🔹U.S. military campaign against the Houthis and effects on Iran
🔹Israel’s expanded natural gas exploration 
🔹Key takeaways from CERAWeek

Check it out!

open.substack.com/pub/climatea...

20.03.2025 02:01 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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Shifting Currents in US Energy & Foreign Policy The Ukraine-US critical minerals agreement, the impacts of tariffs on the energy sector, how Europe is thinking about Russian energy imports, and the IEA's ideas for improving critical supply chains.

In this week’s Global Energy Lens newsletter, we break down:

📉 US tariffs on Canada & Mexico
⛽️ Europe’s stalled move away from Russian energy
⛏️The Ukraine-US critical minerals deal
⚡️ The IEA’s plan to fix global supply chains

Read more here: open.substack.com/pub/climatea...

10.03.2025 16:28 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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An AI Breakthrough That Could Upend the Energy Landscape Plus Europe debates the future of Russian gas, why the US is seeking a deal on Ukraine critical minerals, how the energy transition connects to political backlash in Norway, and new sanctions on Iran

7/ So where does this leave tech & energy companies betting big on AI-driven power demand?

That’s the billion-dollar question. And right now, no one has a clear answer.

Curious to learn more? Check out the full story in this week's Global Energy Lens:

07.02.2025 17:20 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0

6/ The real takeaway?

🔸 AI’s energy trajectory is uncertain.

🔸If efficiency gains outpace adoption, demand could level off—shifting energy market expectations while easing the clean energy transition.

🔸 But if AI workloads explode? We’re still looking at an energy crunch.

07.02.2025 17:20 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 1 📌 0

5/ Second, inference energy use.

🔹DeepSeek’s R1 is a reasoning model, which means it takes a longer logic path than gen AI. Per MIT
Tech Review, it can consume up to 87% more energy than Meta’s Llama model to get to a final answer. The savings in training may not carry over.

07.02.2025 17:20 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 1 📌 0

4/ But there’s a catch—two, actually.

🔹First, Jevons paradox. As Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella noted, efficiency often leads to higher consumption. If AI gets cheaper to train, demand could surge, wiping out energy savings.

07.02.2025 17:20 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 1 📌 0

3/ If true, this is a potential game-changer for AI’s energy consumption.

The AI industry has been driving record-breaking power deals, with fears that data centers will overwhelm the grid. Now? DeepSeek suggests AI can scale with far less power.

07.02.2025 17:20 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 1 📌 0

2/ Meet DeepSeek.

Last week, it unveiled an AI model that matches top competitors while using just 1/10th of the computing power.

How? By refining the "mixture of experts" technique, which turns off large portions of the model during training.

07.02.2025 17:20 👍 1 🔁 0 💬 1 📌 0

1/ AI's energy boom? Not so fast.

The assumption has been simple: AI growth = skyrocketing energy demand. That’s why Google, Microsoft & Amazon are locking in nuclear & renewables to power their data centers.

But a Chinese AI company just threw a wrench into that narrative 🧵👇

07.02.2025 17:20 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 1 📌 0
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An AI Breakthrough That Could Upend the Energy Landscape Plus Europe debates the future of Russian gas, why the US is seeking an deal on Ukraine critical minerals, how the energy transition connects to political backlash in Norway, and new sanctions on Iran

New issue of the Global Energy Lens out today:

An AI Breakthrough That Could Upend the Energy Landscape, plus the future of Russian gas in Europe, Ukraine's critical minerals, political backlash in Norway, and new sanctions on Iran. Check it out

open.substack.com/pub/climatea...

05.02.2025 14:35 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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A New Energy Tack in America Plus the future of new US sanctions on Russian oil, how the IEA views the future of nuclear power, and the energy angle on Greenland's strategic position

Check out this week's new post: A New Energy Tack in America open.substack.com/pub/climatea...

22.01.2025 14:37 👍 1 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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Russia's final major gas exports to Europe expire Plus the top macro energy trends shaping 2025, a shadow fleet vessel seized in Finland for suspected undersea cable sabotage, and the final much-anticipated rules on US clean hydrogen subsidies

Excited to share that I've restarted my regular briefings on the intersections of energy, climate, and geopolitics. My new newsletter, The Global Energy Lens, resumed today with the first briefing of the year. Check it out here: climateandenergygeopolitics.substack.com/p/russias-fi...

09.01.2025 01:04 👍 4 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0