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Paulina Vega MD

@paulinavegamd

ID fellow University of Washington @UWIDfellowship.bsky.social🦠🦟🌎 I love mould πŸ„β€πŸŸ«πŸ„ Views are my own πŸ‡²πŸ‡½ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡² πŸ“ Seattle

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12.11.2024
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Latest posts by Paulina Vega MD @paulinavegamd

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3/3. One half-marathon per year of ID fellowship completed. Seattle, Vancouver, Lake Sammamish. βœ…βœ…βœ…

07.03.2026 22:24 πŸ‘ 6 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 2 πŸ“Œ 0
Emerging risk factors for IFI in HCT. Climate change, older/comorbid recipients, antifungal prophylaxis, changes in GVHD prophylaxis and treatment, longer survivorship, agricultural use of antifungals

Emerging risk factors for IFI in HCT. Climate change, older/comorbid recipients, antifungal prophylaxis, changes in GVHD prophylaxis and treatment, longer survivorship, agricultural use of antifungals

Invasive Fungal Disease in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: New Risk Factors and New Therapeutic Options in a Changing World

@abbydouglas.bsky.social & Monica Slavin

doi.org/10.1111/tid.... #TxID #IDSky #MedMycoSky

02.03.2026 16:11 πŸ‘ 11 πŸ” 5 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Candida Endocarditis: current perspectives on diagnosis and therapy Candida infective endocarditis (CIE) is a rare but potentially devastating condition. Although it accounts for only 1-1.5% of infective endocarditis cases, CIE carries a high mortality rate (36-49%) a...

Candida Endocarditis: current perspectives on diagnosis and therapy

Ben-Ami Ronen, Bassetti Matteo, Bouza Emilio, Kosman Alex, Vena Antonio on behalf of @efisg-escmid.bsky.social

www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com/article/S119... #MedMycoSky #IDSky

08.06.2025 14:10 πŸ‘ 12 πŸ” 4 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0
Pathogenesis of Mucormycosis, Host Defenses, and Potential Future Therapeutic Targets.
Mucorales sporangiospores released into the air from sporangia are inhaled, and the sporangiospore coat protein CotH3 binds to GRP78 on the pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells of the upper resp tract, where the sporangiospores may germinate into hyphae to invade nasal airways and sinuses (Panel A). Sporangiospores, by means of another coat adhesin (CotH7), also bind to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and integrin Ξ±3Ξ²1 receptor on pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells of the lower respiratory tract, which triggers a downstream transcriptional response involving cytokines (interleukin-6 and interleukin-8), chemokines (CCL2 and CCL5), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). Hyphal invasion also triggers production of hypoxia-inducible factor 1Ξ± (HIF1Ξ±) and release of proinflammatory cytokines. In wound-related mucormycosis, traumatic inoculation of fungal elements (found on the surfaces of rocks, wood, glass, and metal) into damaged tissue allows for the development of infection in a host with immune paralysis due to trauma. The release of endogenous host-derived molecules known as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) reduces phagocytosis, impairs chemotaxis, and induces immune paralysis. Mucoricin released by the invading hyphae induces death of immune and endothelial cells, which results in tissue necrosis and accelerates endovascular thrombosis, ischemia, and infarction (Panel B). PMNs and monocytes recognize early germinated sporangiospores by pattern recognition receptors (e.g., TLR2) that detect mucorales-associated molecular patterns (e.g., 1,3-Ξ²D-glucans exposed on hyphal structures). Intrinsic host colony-stimulating factors such as granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IFN-Ξ³ further contribute to augmentation of innate host defenses against the invading hyphae, which in turn dampen immune responses. Factors in the tissue …

Pathogenesis of Mucormycosis, Host Defenses, and Potential Future Therapeutic Targets. Mucorales sporangiospores released into the air from sporangia are inhaled, and the sporangiospore coat protein CotH3 binds to GRP78 on the pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells of the upper resp tract, where the sporangiospores may germinate into hyphae to invade nasal airways and sinuses (Panel A). Sporangiospores, by means of another coat adhesin (CotH7), also bind to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and integrin Ξ±3Ξ²1 receptor on pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells of the lower respiratory tract, which triggers a downstream transcriptional response involving cytokines (interleukin-6 and interleukin-8), chemokines (CCL2 and CCL5), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). Hyphal invasion also triggers production of hypoxia-inducible factor 1Ξ± (HIF1Ξ±) and release of proinflammatory cytokines. In wound-related mucormycosis, traumatic inoculation of fungal elements (found on the surfaces of rocks, wood, glass, and metal) into damaged tissue allows for the development of infection in a host with immune paralysis due to trauma. The release of endogenous host-derived molecules known as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) reduces phagocytosis, impairs chemotaxis, and induces immune paralysis. Mucoricin released by the invading hyphae induces death of immune and endothelial cells, which results in tissue necrosis and accelerates endovascular thrombosis, ischemia, and infarction (Panel B). PMNs and monocytes recognize early germinated sporangiospores by pattern recognition receptors (e.g., TLR2) that detect mucorales-associated molecular patterns (e.g., 1,3-Ξ²D-glucans exposed on hyphal structures). Intrinsic host colony-stimulating factors such as granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IFN-Ξ³ further contribute to augmentation of innate host defenses against the invading hyphae, which in turn dampen immune responses. Factors in the tissue …

Risk factors for Mucormycosis

Risk factors for Mucormycosis

Risk factors for mucormycosis continued

Risk factors for mucormycosis continued

Mucormycosis

Review in @nejm.org by Dimitrios Kontoyiannis and Tom Walsh

www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/...

#IDSky #TxID #MedMycoSky @msgerc.bsky.social

13.02.2026 18:40 πŸ‘ 26 πŸ” 11 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Case of <em>Legionella pneumophila</em> Serogroup 1 Infection Linked to Water Flosser, France <em>L. pneumophila</em> Infection Linked to Water Flosser

A πŸ•΅οΈ was in this case investigation:

While performing investigation of water system in pt w/ Legionella, infection control found an unregistered water flosser.

They ran sterile water through flosser and Legionella grew + matched infection strain

wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/...

#IDSky

24.02.2026 01:43 πŸ‘ 7 πŸ” 2 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Invasive Fungal Disease in Transplantation: Prevention in a Shifting Landscape | Contagion Live Invasive fungal diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing transplant, with shifting epidemiology, emerging resistance, and geographic variation underscoring the u...

Invasive fungal diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing transplant, with shifting epidemiology, emerging resistance, and geographic variation underscoring the urgent need for improved surveillance, prevention strategies, and antifungal stewardship.

13.01.2026 16:16 πŸ‘ 3 πŸ” 2 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0

From a dear friend and colleague Dr Emily Rosen. Amazing work!

26.01.2026 23:49 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Current Epidemiology and Infection Characteristics of Non-Aspergillus Mold Infections: A Multicenter Study in Australia and New Zealand

βœ… Just Accepted
πŸ”— https://bit.ly/4bLllbS

22.01.2026 21:46 πŸ‘ 5 πŸ” 5 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0
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Valley Fever in Central California: Diagnosis is Not the Finish Line, the Real Gap is Longitudinal Care

βœ… Just Accepted
πŸ”— https://bit.ly/4pWxxdk

23.01.2026 16:07 πŸ‘ 3 πŸ” 4 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 2
One Health approach requires collaboration between researchers, physicians, engineers, ecologists, plant health experts, and other disciplines to tackle the spread of mycoses.

One Health approach requires collaboration between researchers, physicians, engineers, ecologists, plant health experts, and other disciplines to tackle the spread of mycoses.

Potential applications of AI in Mycology may include compound screening for antifungal drug discovery (top left), clinical trial design and execution (bottom right), fungal identification (top right), and outbreak surveillance (bottom right).

Potential applications of AI in Mycology may include compound screening for antifungal drug discovery (top left), clinical trial design and execution (bottom right), fungal identification (top right), and outbreak surveillance (bottom right).

Emerging Frontiers in Clinical Mycology: Innovations, Insights, & Impacts

Our report, led by @annaapostolopoulou.bsky.social, on the cutting edge of clinical mycology & future directions, from expert discussion @ the 2024 @msgerc.bsky.social biennial meeting

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/...

21.01.2026 12:47 πŸ‘ 11 πŸ” 6 πŸ’¬ 2 πŸ“Œ 0
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Aspergillosis-Attributable Mortality in the United States: Analysis of Death Certificate Data Using 2018–2024 U.S. death certificate data, 7,063 aspergillosis-attributable deaths (AAMR 2.43/1,000,000 persons) were identified, mostly invasive pulmona

Aspergillosis-Attributable Mortality in the United States: Analysis of Death Certificate Data

βœ… Just Accepted
https://bit.ly/3M4ZVM8

26.11.2025 22:02 πŸ‘ 2 πŸ” 2 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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British Society for Medical Mycology best practice recommendations for the diagnosis of serious fungal diseases: 2025 update The fungal diagnostic landscape is evolving; whereas previously, traditional culture-based methods dominated, most invasive fungal disease is now diagnosed with non-culture-based tests, including dire...

New Review

British Society for Medical Mycology best practice recommendations for the diagnosis of serious fungal diseases: 2025 update

www.thelancet.com/journals/lan...

11.11.2025 08:12 πŸ‘ 13 πŸ” 10 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0
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Aerosolizing pathogens from sink drains? New study shows it can happen & possibly cause transmission

Drain biofilm bacteria found in droplets and aerosols ▢️ spread into room

Possible sources of HAIs #IDSky

πŸ“„: www.ajicjournal.org/article/S019...

06.11.2025 18:18 πŸ‘ 11 πŸ” 6 πŸ’¬ 4 πŸ“Œ 0

Getting infected πŸ„β€πŸŸ«πŸ„πŸ„β€πŸŸ«

28.10.2025 05:06 πŸ‘ 2 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0

Bipolaris hawaiiensis , never heard of this before! Cool case!

24.10.2025 21:31 πŸ‘ 1 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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UW fellows at IDWeek! 😁

21.10.2025 16:04 πŸ‘ 3 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 1

@jerricawerner.bsky.social

21.10.2025 12:53 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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I’ve made it!! #firstimer really excited to connecting with the ID community!!

19.10.2025 21:59 πŸ‘ 10 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0

Study from Iran suggesting nosocomial transmission of A Flavus. Pretty cool.

24.09.2025 14:40 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0

As a person who likes to jump in the lakes after a hike, this is a fun read!
@paulpottingermd.bsky.social

8 Gross Things Lurking in Swimming Holes

rightasrain.uwmedicine.org/life/leisure...

23.09.2025 14:18 πŸ‘ 1 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Don’t miss the educational opportunities at UW’s Infectious Diseases Education & Assessment (IDEA) site:

- National HIV Curriculum
- National STD Curriculum
- National PrEP Curriculum
- HCV Online
- HBV Online
#IDSky #MedSky

idea.medicine.uw.edu

20.09.2025 13:26 πŸ‘ 5 πŸ” 2 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Antimicrobial optimization based on negative results from both BFP and respiratory culture may potentially reduce unnecessary antibiotic exposure and AKI in hospitalized patients with suspected pneumonia without increasing the risk of mortality and readmission. doi.org/10.1017/ash....

20.09.2025 13:38 πŸ‘ 3 πŸ” 2 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0

Co-authored by UW’s Dr. Nina Kim and (oops) new from @cidjournal.bsky.social :)

Also check out UW’s IDEA HCV β€œTest and Cure” curriculum… #IDSky

www.hepatitisc.uw.edu

20.09.2025 14:23 πŸ‘ 3 πŸ” 2 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0

Will be there!

18.09.2025 16:22 πŸ‘ 3 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0

Awesome! Thank you!

02.09.2025 16:42 πŸ‘ 1 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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πŸ†•πŸ”₯Streptococcal endocarditis: a meta-analysis of species dependant risk by 🌟s @drtoddlee.bsky.social
🌟Updated figure 🌟Infective endocarditis prevalence of streptococcal species vs. proportion of streptococcal species bacteraemia #idsky #EMIMCC
www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

25.08.2025 16:18 πŸ‘ 28 πŸ” 11 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 1

#TB #meningitis guidelines #IDSky #MedSky

20.08.2025 02:44 πŸ‘ 8 πŸ” 3 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0

It’s so cool you remember! <3

13.08.2025 23:50 πŸ‘ 1 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0

I’m going! Presenting a poster on Wednesday on Invasive Fusariosis in IC hosts

13.08.2025 03:23 πŸ‘ 4 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0

Big fan

12.08.2025 17:04 πŸ‘ 1 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0