A screenshot from the video of Ngoma, with the glass behind him reflecting the pattern of the building across the street.
You can see the reflection of this building in the glass behind Ngoma:
The Wazalendo video was taken in the morning, due to the position of the sun in the east.
We continue to work on verifying imagery from Kamanyola to Uvira.
A screenshot of Google Maps with an arrow to the new mayor's office, as well as the incorrectly marked one on Google, and the previously shown university building as a preview image.
The new mayor's office where Ngoma was filmed is very close to the old. Facing the street, the new building has the covered porch visible on Google Maps. Additionally, the window reflection in the video show the distinctive pattern of the building across the street.
A screenshot from Google Maps zoomed in on concrete buildings that have a sign painted on them, which says "Universite Notre Dame De Tanganyika".
Using the writing on the wall, we were able to locate that building at maps.app.goo.gl/KX3hvXrK3awZ...
A screenshot from Africa News's video of a protest in Uvira from several months ago. It shows a crowd of people and buildings on both sides of the street.
At 1:43 in the video, the camera pans over the protestors in front of the mayor's residence (which matches the building Ngoma is pictured in front of) and shows more of the street. On the left side of the frame, a distinctive building can be seen:
East DRC does not usually have street view available, so we have developed other methods of viewing street-level imagery, such as finding recent news videos. We located a video from 3 months ago from the outlet Africa News, which was covering a protest in Uvira. www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZSeZ...
Later, a video came out, and a tree on the right side of the frame is visible. Due to the tree, he could not be at the mayor's office as marked on Google Maps: x.com/StanysBujake...
A screenshot of Google Maps that shows the location marked as the Uvira mayor's office.
If you just looked up the mayor's office on Google Maps, you would assume he was here:
Willy Ngoma is the M23 military spokesman, and poses in imagery of places M23 occupies. His presence inevitably inspires discourse from pro-Congolese government social media posters that he is Photoshopped into a location. In Uvira, he took a photo outside the mayor's office: x.com/i/status/199...
On December 9, Kivu Morning Post reported that M23 had taken control of Sange. They also assess that the massacre was due to infighting between two factions aligned with the Congolese government, and that it took place on December 7. kivumorningpost.com/2025/12/09/s...
A screenshot of Google Earth with the road above shown as well as the mountain ridgeline.
We used Google Earth to match the profile of the mountain and the awning of the building marked in green.
People walking down an unpaved road towards a line of mountains carrying their belongings. The mountain line is marked in blue and a distinctive awning is marked in green.
In the M23 video, bodies are visible from the building marked with red (to the northeast). The person filming turns away from the N5 and begins to walk down the unnamed crossroad, facing the mountains to the west, best visible at 0:45. CongoEye has covered the people who are deceased.
A screenshot of a man who is narrating the video, with the N5 and building across the street marked in blue and red.
The N5 and building highlighted in red are also shown in the Wazalendo video at 0:48.
The N5 road with a blue line showing the raised asphalt and a red line showing the distinctive structure of another building across the street.
As the M23 video pans, it shows the N5 and the building directly in front of the red structure at 0:20. Congo Eye has covered the people who are deceased.
A screenshot of the same buildings with blue over the deceased people and a yellow box around the building used for geolocation.
In the M23 video at 0:18 the same buildings are shown. Congo Eye has covered the people who are deceased.
A screenshot from the Wazelendo video showing the same buildings as in the Mapillary screenshot.
This building has been repainted since the picture was taken, as seen in this video at 0:20 attributed to the Wazalendo of South Kivu. We will call this the Wazalendo video. x.com/AlvineOffici...
A screenshot from Mapillary of a building to the left of the N5 highway, with its features marked up by Congo Eye.
The pictured building is located on an unnamed road that crosses the N5, in the middle of Sange, not far from the Stade de Sange and Sange Marche.
Videos posted later, from the same location, blamed the massacre on M23. We assess that the videos were taken at the same location.
CongoEye’s @jonnyghizmo.bsky.social verified the video took place in Sange using Mapillary - the left of the frame at this link:
www.mapillary.com/app/?lat=-3....
On December 8, 2025 a video allegedly from the city of Sange started circulating on X. Lawrence Kanyuka of M23 alleged it showed the result of a firefight between FARDC and Wazalendo. We will refer to this as the M23 video. Note that this video is graphic. x.com/LawrenceKany...
M23 spokesman Lawrence Kanyuka first posts about newly launched attacks in the ongoing war on the evening of December 1: x.com/LawrenceKany....
Due to the daylight in the video, we assess it was taken December 3 or earlier. Google Image searches of the first frame show it was first indexed on December 4. Weather in Rusizi, Rwanda, was cloudy or partly cloudy on December 1, 2, and 3.
Google Maps images of the DRC/Rwanda border, showing the vehicle's location on the map as well as the proximity to the Pont Rusizi border crossing.
The person filming was in the pharmacy or the hardware store, and the videos were traveling southeast on the road. Of course, we cannot see where the convoy was before or after the video, but we note this street is suitable for large vehicles traveling from the Kamembe Airport to NR11.
This was uploaded on Dec 4 at 3:26 AM (Central Africa Time: x.com/nyiringomaki...
This video was not taken on NR11 but near it. We geolocated the video to maps.app.goo.gl/nXGUxQiorTjA...
This is the earliest instance on Twitter/X of a video that circulated widely and claimed to be Rwandan soldiers moving towards DRC. Initially, various commenters said it was taken on NR11 in Rusizi, Rwanda, which is directly across the border from the occupied city of Bukavu.
A street with a motorbike in the foreground and a heavy army-green truck entering the left frame.
CongoEye is evaluating many images and videos from M23's offensive push to Uvira. We have completed the following verifications and due to dis/misinformation, are publishing them now. This is the first of three threads.
We hope you find value in authentication of social media posts and our additions to the bigger news stories in DR Congo. This information was collected from November 9 to November 25.
We maintain an archive of information from ADF/ISCAP/CODECO attacks. Attacks have been on an upswing recently, with actualite.cd summarizing the total deaths at 89 between November 13 and 19. We monitor statements from the ADF as well as footage from social media.
actualite.cd/2025/11/28/p...
Afro Infos 243 had also covered Kayafa at that time. www.youtube.com/watch?v=--Vk...
Kayafa is reported to not be aligned with M23 or FARDC/Wazalendo. We found an earlier mention of Kayafa from August 3 in the media outlet Mweso Community Radio & Television. rtcm-rdc.com/alerte-masis...
