Claire Olingy

Excited to share our work published yesterday (and featured on the cover!) of #ScienceImmunology. This was a true team effort between the Reizis lab at NYU @uchicagocoi.bsky.social and Sasha Galitsyna & Leonid Mirny at MIT 1/
www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...

Molecular basis for de novo thymus regeneration in a vertebrate, the axolotl The molecular, cellular, and functional restoration of the axolotl thymus after de novo regeneration is described.

Very happy to see this published! 🎉🎉🎉 Amazing collaboration with Max Yun and her team @maxyunlab.bsky.social @crtd-tud.bsky.social on Axolotl Thymus regeneration. Thanks also to @claireolingy.bsky.social for coverage, and grateful for December cover #scienceimmunology www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...

Design of a potent interleukin-21 mimic for cancer immunotherapy A de novo IL-21 mimic, 21h10, exhibits improved stability and potent antitumor activity in vivo compared with native IL-21.

David Baker & colleagues develop an #IL21 mimic (21h10) that is more stable & shows x-reactivity against both human & murine #IL21R. 21h10 promotes potent antitumor responses in mice and in human #melanoma tumor explants, expanding low-affinity CD8 #TCells & #TH1 cells & reducing #Tregs in #tumors!

Nuclear polarization to the immune synapse facilitates an early transcriptional burst Cytotoxic T lymphocyte target recognition triggers rapid nuclear polarization to the immune synapse and an early transcriptional burst of cytokines.

Now in #Science #Immunology: @griffithslab.bsky.social report that when #CD8 #TCells encounter their targets, #nucleus localizes to the #ImmuneSynapse (IS) & facilitates delivery of newly synthesized cytokines to the IS. They find nuclear polarization represents key step in #CTL -mediated killing!

Looking forward to a great meeting next week! Email or DM me if you would like to chat!

The August issue of #Science #Immunology is out! This week: T peripheral helper cells expressing IGFL2 contribute to rheumatoid #arthritis; vagal TRPV1+ sensory #neurons protect against #influenza virus infection; & transfer of #Tregs alleviates #inflammaging in mice!

wwwscience.org/toc/sciimmun...

Checkpoint on Type 2 Immunity. Tuft cells play key roles in the initiation and propagation of type 2 immune responses in the gut, but whether they have regulatory machinery for constraining these responses is not known. Wang et al. found that the transcription factor Spi-B prevents excessive type 2 immune responses against helminth infection and food allergens by limiting tuft cell activation and proliferation in the small intestine. Spi-B represses c-Kit signaling in tuft cells, which limits their production of the cytokine TSLP and the subsequent activation of T helper 2 (TH2) cells. This month’s cover image features a tuft cell (dark red) within the epithelial lining of the small intestine in which Spi-B has been inactivated, leading to increased production of TSLP by tuft cells and the cytokine interleukin-13 (IL-13) by TH2 cells (white). Credit: A. Fisher/Science Immunology

The July issue of #Science #Immunology is out now! This week:

• Additional levels of #IL13RA1 gene regulation help explain susceptibility to #allergy!

• Spi-B is a #checkpoint of #type2 immunity by restraining #TuftCell activation in gut!

New content each week!

www.science.org/toc/sciimmun...

Conventional and nonconventional functions of TFH cells: In addition to their conventional role as GC facilitators—providing survival and proliferation signals to GC B cells—TFH cells also perform noncanonical functions. They can support CD8+ T cell responses, produce effector-like cytokines that critically influence B cell fate decisions beyond GC maintenance, and exhibit TSCM properties that allow them to serve as reservoirs for pathogenic Teff cell subsets across various anatomical niches

This month in #Science #Immunology, Shivangi Dave & André Ballesteros Tato at the #NIH review the noncanonical contributions of #TFollicularHelper ( #TFH ) cells cells to immune regulation beyond their traditional roles in #BCell help!

science.org/doi/10.1126/sciimmunol.adr1052

ONLINE COVERLNP mRNA Vaccines Get a Boost. Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) mRNA vaccines induce robust immune responses and provide protection against infectious diseases, but this immunity can be short-lived, necessitating frequent booster vaccinations. Aunins et al. investigated how adjuvanting LNP-mRNA vaccines with mRNA encoding the cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) influences CD8 T cell responses in mice. Il12 mRNA-LNPs (LNP–IL-12) enhanced antigen-specific CD8 T cell responses and CD8 T cell memory, providing greater protection against bacterial infection and in a mouse model of melanoma. Cytokine-adjuvanted mRNA-LNPs may help future vaccine platforms better tailor the magnitude and nature of the immune response. This month’s cover image features a stylized mRNA-LNP with various lipid (red, coral, and pink) and cholesterol molecules (maroon) encapsulating Il12 mRNA (yellow). Credit: A. Mastin/Science Immunology

The June issue of #Science #Immunology has launched! This week: inducible #FoxP3 degradation in #Tregs; the immune landscape of human #psoriatic #arthritis; & #IL12 gives #mRNA #vaccines a boost!

New content every week! Check it out!

www.science.org/toc/sciimmun...

Cross-regulation between the nervous system and type 2 immunity The nervous and type 2 immune systems regulate each other via cytokines and neurotransmitters, suggesting previously unidentified therapeutic avenues.

This month in #Science #Immunology: @nickmroz.bsky.social, @phagocyticpai.bsky.social, @annamolofskylab.bsky.social, & @arimolofskylab.bsky.social pen an insightful & timely Review on crosstalk between the #nervous system & #type2 immunity! #WeekendRead

#neuroimmunology #allergy #Alzheimers #itch

Abstracts - IUIS 2025 ABSTRACTS ALL ABOUT SUBMISSION IMPORTANT INFORMATION LATE ABSTRACT SUBMISSION IS NOW OPEN guidelines LATE ABSTRACT SUBMISSION GUIDELINES Important Dates 20 November 2024 – Abstract Submission Opens 25...

This is a public service announcement: late-breaking abstract submissions for #IUIS2025 will close tomorrow (May 6)!

You can submit your abstracts here: iuis2025.org/abstracts/

I hope to see many of you this August in beautiful Vienna!!!

#Immunology #Science2025 #CallForAbstracts #IUIS

ONLINE COVER: Lymph Nodes Get a Remodel. Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) are stromal cells that coordinate structural remodeling and adaptive immune responses in the lymph node. Using single-cell transcriptomics and high-resolution microscopy, Lütge et al. comprehensively characterized the stromal cell landscape of human lymph nodes during quiescence and inflammation. Inflammation drove lymph node remodeling including the expansion of peptidase inhibitor 16 (PI16)+ FRCs in macrophage-rich perivascular niches. This month’s cover image shows an inflamed human lymph node that has undergone expansion of podoplanin+ FRCs (purple) near alpha smooth muscle actin (ACTA2)+ vascular smooth muscle cells (green) to support immune cell infiltration and BCL6+ germinal center B cell (orange) activity. Credit: Lisa Kurz/Kantonsspital St. Gallen

The May issue of #Science #Immunology is out now!

This week: #interferon regulates #thymic epithelial cell differentiation; #efferocytosis determines #alveolar #macrophage functional plasticity: & mapping the #stromal cell landscape of human #LymphNodes!

science.org/toc/sciimmunol/10/107

Immunogenomic cancer evolution: A framework to understand cancer immunosuppression Understanding the impacts of genetic abnormalities on immune responses to tumors can inform immunogenomic-based precision medicine.

Happy Int'l #DayofImmunology! To celebrate, here are some recent Reviews from the pages of #Science #Immunology!!!

First up: Kumagai, Momoi, & Nishikawa survey recent literature on links between #cancer genetic abnormalities & #immunosuppression that cause clinical resistance to #immunotherapy!

Clone tracking through repeated malaria identifies high-fidelity memory CD4 T cell responses Expanded CD4+ T cell clones preferentially adopt a single fate in malaria, and TR1 cells dominate and display long-term memory.

On #WorldMalariaDay, check out this brand new study on human T cell memory responses to #malaria from the lab of Pras Jagannathan at Stanford! 🦟🩸
www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...

Eosinophil innate immune memory after bacterial skin infection promotes allergic lung inflammation Staphylococcus aureus skin infection induces eosinophil innate immune memory to exacerbate allergen-induced airway inflammation.

A new #ScienceImmunology study in mice suggests that bacterial skin infections can imprint eosinophils with innate immune memory and enhance allergic inflammation in the lungs.

#Immunology out now @science.org

After initial priming in the lymph nodes, mouse CD8 T cells undergo a second phase of stable interactions with dendritic cells that can preferentially stimulate those with a high-affinity for antigen.

buff.ly/49bKcTG

By Jobin, Seetharama, Rüttger et al.

The April issue of #Science #Immunology is out now! This past week: two papers describe how #skin #inflammation can drive #type2 immune responses in other #mucosal tissues, while a third describes how #hunger perception in the #brain regulates peripheral immune cell dynamics! Check it out!

An aging bone marrow exacerbates lung fibrosis by fueling profibrotic macrophage persistence Hematopoietic aging drives lung fibrosis and profibrotic macrophage influx, stalling their maturation via reduced Treg-derived IL-10.

1/ Excited to share my first-ever first-author paper out now in Science Immunology! from @knapplab.bsky.social and co-supervised by @miershawig.bsky.social
We show that hematopoietic aging, independent of lung tissue aging, is sufficient to exacerbate fibrosis.
🔗 www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...

two men are riding a bicycle with a basket on it . ALT: two men are riding a bicycle with a basket on it .

#Bluetorial: In our latest paper on #gdTcells and #IBD in #ScienceImmunology we found that γδ IEL number and regulatory function are severely compromised BEFORE ileal inflammation occurs, suggesting that γδ IELs may maintain IEL homeostasis in response to a pro-inflammatory microenvironment. 1/n

Macrophage peroxisomes guide alveolar regeneration and limit SARS-CoV-2 tissue sequelae Peroxisomes are vital but often overlooked metabolic organelles. We found that excessive interferon signaling remodeled macrophage peroxisomes. This loss of peroxisomes impaired inflammation resolutio...

We are thrilled to share our new manuscript @science.org , in which we uncovers a critical role for macrophage peroxisomes in lung repair after viral infection. Could targeting peroxisomes be the key to mitigating long COVID?! www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...

To celebrate with the @keystonesymposia.bsky.social #myeloid cell meeting happening now in Hannover, we have released a free collection of 6 recent #Science #Immunology papers focused on myeloid cells!

Check 'em out! They will be available until the end of April!

bit.ly/SciImm_free

#KSmyeloid25

The February 2024 cover of Science Immunology depicts CRISPR–Cas9–mediated repair of a dysfunctional cytotoxic T cell (red) from an individual with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL), which allows it to secrete normal cytotoxic granules (pink) and effectively kill virally infected B cells (blue). (Credit: A. Fisher/Science Immunology)

To commemorate #RareDiseaseDay, here are some recent #Science #Immunology research papers that elucidate the immune mechanisms underlying certain rare human diseases and/or report new strategies to treat them! @science.org

Linking vaccine adjuvant mechanisms of action to function We review mechanisms of action underlying the function of vaccine adjuvants and knowledge gaps to be addressed.

This week in #Science #Immunology: A comprehensive review from Darrell Irvine and co-authors on recent advances in understanding #vaccine #adjuvant mechanisms of action, which could guide adjuvant design for vaccines against emerging and challenging pathogens:

A direct hit Late last week, the Trump administration set off a frenzy in the US scientific community when the National Institutes of Health (NIH) announced that indirect cost reimbursement for federally funded re...

My editorial on the indirect cuts. This is an opportunity for campuses to come together to make the case for higher education. Leaders need to step up and ask for support and lead. www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...

Molecular determinants of cross-strain influenza A virus recognition by αβ T cell receptors TCR-peptide-HLA ternary structures define molecular mechanisms of TCR cross-reactivity toward natural influenza variants.

Timely study by Katherine Kedzierska and Jamie Rossjohn and colleagues defining key structural features of #Tcell binding to circulating #influenza strains from 1918 to ~present #ImmunoSky www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...

Bone marrow breakout lesions act as key sites for tumor-immune cell diversification in multiple myeloma Single-cell and spatial multiomics analyses identify breakout lesions as a hotspot for tumor-immune interactions and diversification.

Now out in #Science #Immunology (and also featured on the cover!): Lutz, @simonhaas.bsky.social, Weinhold, & al. use single-cell and spatial multiomics to characterize breakout lesions in #multiplemyeloma, identifying regions of immune and tumor cell coevolution:

I’ll be here (joint with T cell Differentiation in Tissue Microenvironments) next week! Send me a message or email if you’d like to set up a time to chat. Looking forward to an exciting meeting!

The meninges host a distinct compartment of regulatory T cells that preserves brain homeostasis Meningeal regulatory T cells restrain local interferon-γ–producing lymphocytes, thereby safeguarding parenchymal brain homeostasis.

1/ New in #ScienceImmunologyResearch! We explored how the brain maintains equilibrium with the immune system. Our focus? The key player in immune tolerance and tissue function regulation: regulatory T cells (Tregs). Let’s dive in! www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...
@immunoeditor.bsky.social

The meninges host a distinct compartment of regulatory T cells that preserves brain homeostasis Meningeal regulatory T cells restrain local interferon-γ–producing lymphocytes, thereby safeguarding parenchymal brain homeostasis.

A #Science #Immunology Instant Release:
@mmr2.bsky.social, Diane Mathis, & colleagues at @harvard.edu & @institutocajal.bsky.social describe specialized meningeal #Treg subsets that promote #homeostasis of the mouse #brain #meninges & #parenchyma!

Human naïve B cells recognize prepandemic influenza virus hemagglutinins Antibodies targeting the influenza hemagglutinin from potentially pandemic H5Nx viruses can be isolated from naïve individuals.

In #Science #Immunology this week: human naïve B cells can bind and neutralize #H5N1, potentially offering protection against #birdflu.